分布式的小型太阳能光伏（PV）系统正在以快速增加的速度安装。这可能会对分销网络和能源市场产生重大影响。结果，在不同时间分辨率和视野中，非常需要改善对这些系统发电的预测。但是，预测模型的性能取决于分辨率和地平线。在这种情况下，将多个模型的预测结合到单个预测中的预测组合（合奏）可能是鲁棒的。因此，在本文中，我们提供了对五个最先进的预测模型的性能以及在多个分辨率和视野下的现有预测组合的比较和见解。我们提出了一种基于粒子群优化（PSO）的预测组合方法，该方法将通过加权单个模型产生的预测来使预报掌握能够为手头的任务产生准确的预测。此外，我们将提出的组合方法的性能与现有的预测组合方法进行了比较。使用现实世界中的PV电源数据集进行了全面的评估，该数据集在美国三个位置的25个房屋中测得。在四种不同的分辨率和四个不同视野之间的结果表明，基于PSO的预测组合方法的表现优于使用任何单独的预测模型和其他预测组合的使用，而平均平均绝对规模误差降低了3.81％，而最佳性能则最佳性能单个个人模型。我们的方法使太阳预报员能够为其应用产生准确的预测，而不管预测分辨率或视野如何。

Algorithms that involve both forecasting and optimization are at the core of solutions to many difficult real-world problems, such as in supply chains (inventory optimization), traffic, and in the transition towards carbon-free energy generation in battery/load/production scheduling in sustainable energy systems. Typically, in these scenarios we want to solve an optimization problem that depends on unknown future values, which therefore need to be forecast. As both forecasting and optimization are difficult problems in their own right, relatively few research has been done in this area. This paper presents the findings of the ``IEEE-CIS Technical Challenge on Predict+Optimize for Renewable Energy Scheduling," held in 2021. We present a comparison and evaluation of the seven highest-ranked solutions in the competition, to provide researchers with a benchmark problem and to establish the state of the art for this benchmark, with the aim to foster and facilitate research in this area. The competition used data from the Monash Microgrid, as well as weather data and energy market data. It then focused on two main challenges: forecasting renewable energy production and demand, and obtaining an optimal schedule for the activities (lectures) and on-site batteries that lead to the lowest cost of energy. The most accurate forecasts were obtained by gradient-boosted tree and random forest models, and optimization was mostly performed using mixed integer linear and quadratic programming. The winning method predicted different scenarios and optimized over all scenarios jointly using a sample average approximation method.

The number of international benchmarking competitions is steadily increasing in various fields of machine learning (ML) research and practice. So far, however, little is known about the common practice as well as bottlenecks faced by the community in tackling the research questions posed. To shed light on the status quo of algorithm development in the specific field of biomedical imaging analysis, we designed an international survey that was issued to all participants of challenges conducted in conjunction with the IEEE ISBI 2021 and MICCAI 2021 conferences (80 competitions in total). The survey covered participants' expertise and working environments, their chosen strategies, as well as algorithm characteristics. A median of 72% challenge participants took part in the survey. According to our results, knowledge exchange was the primary incentive (70%) for participation, while the reception of prize money played only a minor role (16%). While a median of 80 working hours was spent on method development, a large portion of participants stated that they did not have enough time for method development (32%). 25% perceived the infrastructure to be a bottleneck. Overall, 94% of all solutions were deep learning-based. Of these, 84% were based on standard architectures. 43% of the respondents reported that the data samples (e.g., images) were too large to be processed at once. This was most commonly addressed by patch-based training (69%), downsampling (37%), and solving 3D analysis tasks as a series of 2D tasks. K-fold cross-validation on the training set was performed by only 37% of the participants and only 50% of the participants performed ensembling based on multiple identical models (61%) or heterogeneous models (39%). 48% of the respondents applied postprocessing steps.

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a valuable asset for patient-specific cardiovascular-disease diagnosis and prognosis, but its high computational demands hamper its adoption in practice. Machine-learning methods that estimate blood flow in individual patients could accelerate or replace CFD simulation to overcome these limitations. In this work, we consider the estimation of vector-valued quantities on the wall of three-dimensional geometric artery models. We employ group-equivariant graph convolution in an end-to-end SE(3)-equivariant neural network that operates directly on triangular surface meshes and makes efficient use of training data. We run experiments on a large dataset of synthetic coronary arteries and find that our method estimates directional wall shear stress (WSS) with an approximation error of 7.6% and normalised mean absolute error (NMAE) of 0.4% while up to two orders of magnitude faster than CFD. Furthermore, we show that our method is powerful enough to accurately predict transient, vector-valued WSS over the cardiac cycle while conditioned on a range of different inflow boundary conditions. These results demonstrate the potential of our proposed method as a plugin replacement for CFD in the personalised prediction of hemodynamic vector and scalar fields.

我们介绍Cendernet，这是一个基于中心和曲率表示的多视图图像的6D姿势估计的框架。为反光，无纹理对象寻找精确的姿势是工业机器人技术的关键挑战。我们的方法包括三个阶段：首先，一个完全卷积的神经网络可预测每种观点的中心和曲率热图；其次，中心热图用于检测对象实例并找到其3D中心。第三，使用3D中心和曲率热图估算6D对象姿势。通过使用渲染和能力方法共同优化视图的姿势，我们的方法自然处理遮挡和对象对称性。我们表明，Cendernet在两个与行业相关的数据集上优于以前的方法：DIMO和T-less。

目的：二尖瓣修复是心脏瓣膜的复杂微创手术。在这种情况下，来自内窥镜图像的缝合线检测是一种高度相关的任务，该任务提供了分析缝合模式的定量信息，评估假肢配置并产生增强的现实可视化。面部或解剖标志性的检测任务通常包含固定数量的地标，并使用回归或固定的基于热线图的方法来定位标志性。然而，在内窥镜检查中，每个图像中存在不同数量的缝合线，并且缝合线可能发生在环形空中的任何位置，因为它们不是语义唯一的。方法：在这项工作中，我们将缝合检测任务制定为多实例的深热映射回归问题，以识别缝合线的进入和退出点。我们扩展了我们以前的工作，并介绍了一个新颖的使用2D高斯层，然后是可分辨率的2D空间软氩模层作为局部非最大抑制。结果：我们用多种热映射分布功能和所提出的模型的两个变体呈现广泛的实验。在术中帧内结构域中，变体1在基线上显示了+0.0422的平均f1。类似地，在模拟器域中，变体1在基线上显示了+0.0865的平均f1。结论：拟议的模型显示出在帧内和模拟器域中的基线上的改进。在Miccai Adaptor2021挑战HTTPS://Adaptor2021.github.io/的范围内公开可用，以及https://github.com/cardio-ai/suture-detection-pytorch/的代码。 DOI：10.1007 / S11548-021-02523-W。可以在此处找到与开放式接入文章的链接：https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FS11548-021-02523

计算流体动力学（CFD）是一种有价值的工具，用于动脉中血流动力学的个性化，非侵入性评估，但其复杂性和耗时的大自然在实践中禁止大规模使用。最近，已经研究了利用深度学习进行CFD参数的快速估计，如表面网格上的壁剪切应力（WSS）。然而，现有方法通常取决于表面网格的手工制作的重新参数化以匹配卷积神经网络架构。在这项工作中，我们建议使用Mesh卷积神经网络，该网状神经网络直接在CFD中使用的相同的有限元表面网格操作。我们在使用从CFD模拟中获得的地面真理培训并在两种合成冠状动脉模型的两种数据集上培训和评估我们的方法。我们表明我们灵活的深度学习模型可以准确地预测该表面网上的3D WSS矢量。我们的方法在少于5分钟内处理新网格，始终如一地实现$ \ LEQ $ 1.6 [％]的标准化平均值误差，并且在保持测试集中的90.5 [％]中位近似精度为90.5 [％]的峰值，比较以前发表的工作。这证明了CFD代理建模的可行性，使用网状卷积神经网络进行动脉模型中的血流动力学参数估计。

我们介绍了ThreedWorld（TDW），是交互式多模态物理模拟的平台。 TDW能够模拟高保真感官数据和富裕的3D环境中的移动代理和对象之间的物理交互。独特的属性包括：实时近光 - 真实图像渲染;对象和环境库，以及他们定制的例程;有效构建新环境课程的生成程序;高保真音频渲染;各种材料类型的现实物理相互作用，包括布料，液体和可变形物体;可定制的代理体现AI代理商;并支持与VR设备的人类交互。 TDW的API使多个代理能够在模拟中进行交互，并返回一系列表示世界状态的传感器和物理数据。我们在计算机视觉，机器学习和认知科学中的新兴的研究方向上提供了通过TDW的初始实验，包括多模态物理场景理解，物理动态预测，多代理交互，像孩子一样学习的模型，并注意研究人类和神经网络。

Advances in computer vision and machine learning techniques have led to significant development in 2D and 3D human pose estimation from RGB cameras, LiDAR, and radars. However, human pose estimation from images is adversely affected by occlusion and lighting, which are common in many scenarios of interest. Radar and LiDAR technologies, on the other hand, need specialized hardware that is expensive and power-intensive. Furthermore, placing these sensors in non-public areas raises significant privacy concerns. To address these limitations, recent research has explored the use of WiFi antennas (1D sensors) for body segmentation and key-point body detection. This paper further expands on the use of the WiFi signal in combination with deep learning architectures, commonly used in computer vision, to estimate dense human pose correspondence. We developed a deep neural network that maps the phase and amplitude of WiFi signals to UV coordinates within 24 human regions. The results of the study reveal that our model can estimate the dense pose of multiple subjects, with comparable performance to image-based approaches, by utilizing WiFi signals as the only input. This paves the way for low-cost, broadly accessible, and privacy-preserving algorithms for human sensing.

Due to the environmental impacts caused by the construction industry, repurposing existing buildings and making them more energy-efficient has become a high-priority issue. However, a legitimate concern of land developers is associated with the buildings' state of conservation. For that reason, infrared thermography has been used as a powerful tool to characterize these buildings' state of conservation by detecting pathologies, such as cracks and humidity. Thermal cameras detect the radiation emitted by any material and translate it into temperature-color-coded images. Abnormal temperature changes may indicate the presence of pathologies, however, reading thermal images might not be quite simple. This research project aims to combine infrared thermography and machine learning (ML) to help stakeholders determine the viability of reusing existing buildings by identifying their pathologies and defects more efficiently and accurately. In this particular phase of this research project, we've used an image classification machine learning model of Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) to differentiate three levels of cracks in one particular building. The model's accuracy was compared between the MSX and thermal images acquired from two distinct thermal cameras and fused images (formed through multisource information) to test the influence of the input data and network on the detection results.